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KMID : 1142820230070010049
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Bio, Ethics and Policy
2023 Volume.7 No. 1 p.49 ~ p.83
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A Study on Foreign Legislative Cases of Physician-Assisted Suicide
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Cha Seung-Hyun
Lee Bom-Yee
Jeon Woo-Hwi
Baik Su-Jin
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Abstract
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In June 2022, the “Act on hospice and palliative care and decisions on life-sustaining treatment for patients at the end of life (Partial Amendment Act)” (hereinafter referred to as the “Partial Amendment to the Life-Sustaining Treatment Decision Act”) was proposed. This amendment introduces “assisted death with dignity” and stipulates that a terminally ill patient whose application is already accepted after a review by the Assisted Death with Dignity Review Committee, has the right to end his or her own life with the assistance of a physician in charge. This is essentially the same mode of action commonly referred to as physician-assisted suicide (PAS). Other countries that have legislated practices in this regard, consider expressions such as death with dignity, Aid-in-Dying, and Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD), voluntary assisted dying, and euthanasia. These legislative examples can be classified into the same category in that they decriminalized or institutionalized the act of assisting others in a certain form during their process of dying. However, since each legislative precedent has slight differences in specific categories of assistance or conditions for requesting assistance, comparisons are rather difficult. Since there are often sharp conflicting opinions in bioethical discussions, it is more important to clearly recognize what we are currently discussing and to set the limits of discussion in advance. Therefore, this paper explores foreign legislative examples related to physician-assisted suicide, presenting them as major arguments during this discussion, following by the examination of current end-of-life bioethical policies, which can be settled in the current social context.
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KEYWORD
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physician-assisted suicide, euthanasia, death with dignity, death, legislation
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